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Form of government Presidential Republic
Official languages Kazakh — state, Russian — official
Capital Astana
The largest cities Almaty, Astana, Shymkent, Karaganda, Aktobe, Pavlodar,
Taraz, Ust Kamenogorsk
President Nursultan Nazarbayev
Religion Secular state
Territory 2 724 902 km ²
Population 16 734 000 people
Currency Kazakhstan tenge
ISO code KZ
Telephone code +7
Internet domain .kz. қаз
Time zones UTC +6 +5
Kazakhstan is located on a joint of Europe and Asia. The state borders on Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Kazakhstan — the unique largest landlocked country in the world. However it is washed by closed seas: Caspian and Aral.
The territory of the country stretches from the West to the east from Volga to the Altay mountains, from the North to the south — from the West Siberian lowland to the Kyzyl Kum Desert and Mountains Tien Shan.
On an administrative-territorial sign shares on 14 areas and 3 cities of republican value. Economical geographically shares on the Central, Western, East, Northern and Southern regions.
More than half square of Kazakhstan occupy deserts and semi-deserts (Kyzyl Kum, Betpak-Dala, Muyunkum), 25 % — steppes and forest-steppes (they are located in the north), the woods occupy only 3,5 % of the territory of the country. Generally in them coniferous trees grow.
More than 75 % of the territory of Kazakhstan occupy plains. In the extreme southeast and the East mountains Tian-Shanya, the Dzungarian Ala Tau and Altai in height from 3000 to 6995 m last. In the extreme West the Near-Caspian lowland lies.
The West of the country is occupied by the Near-Caspian lowland and Mugodzhara’s mountains – the southern part of Ural.
The main rivers – Irtysh, Ural, Choo, Syr-Darya. The longest river in Kazakhstan – Irtysh. Its extent within the country – 1700 km (the general extent – 4248 km).
Kazakhstan is a country with the rich historical and cultural past. For eyelids on this earth passed the ancient caravans roads going from China to the countries of the Middle East and Europe. Located in the center of Eurasia, Kazakhstan appeared at an intersection of the most ancient civilizations of the world, on crossing of transport arteries, social and economic, cultural and ideological relations between the East and the West, the South and the North, between Europe and Asia, between the largest state formations of the Eurasian continent. Here on a joint of nomadic and settled civilizations there were (Yasa’s) most ancient cities of Turkestan, Taraz (Talas), Otrar which in the ancient time and the Middle Ages were the main centers through which passed trading ways.